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1.
Rev Neurol ; 70(4): 134-138, 2020 Feb 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32043535

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a common form of epilepsy in childhood that is classified as one of the benign idiopathic focal epilepsies. There is no consensus on the indication of neuroimaging in the presence of an electroclinical picture consistent with this disorder. Two cases are presented that began with an electroclinical pattern compatible with PS and in which alterations in the occipital structure were finally detected. CASE REPORTS: Two girls aged 5 and 6 years who began with episodes consistent with PS. In both cases neuroimaging showed structural lesions (cortical dysplasia and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma), and hence the final diagnosis was occipital symptomatic focal epilepsy, with the ensuing change in the prognosis and treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The literature describes abnormalities in cranial magnetic resonance imaging in 10-20% of diagnosed cases of PS in which a scan is performed, although the diagnosis of PS is not always changed (matching lesions). Both cases exemplify the importance of reaching a correct diagnosis through a detailed study that must include neuroimaging, since, in some patients, causal brain injuries will be detected and as a result the diagnosis, treatment and evolution will be significantly different.


TITLE: Epilepsia sintomática con inicio que imita el síndrome de Panayiotopoulos: importancia de la neuroimagen.Introducción. El síndrome de Panayiotopoulos (SP) es una epilepsia frecuente en la infancia que se clasifica dentro de las epilepsias focales idiopáticas benignas. No existe consenso sobre la indicación de neuroimagen ante un cuadro electroclínico compatible con este trastorno. Se presentan dos casos que comenzaron con un patrón electroclínico compatible con SP y en los que finalmente se detectaron alteraciones estructurales occipitales. Casos clínicos. Dos niñas de 5 y 6 años que comenzaron con episodios compatibles electroclínicamente con SP. En ambos casos, la neuroimagen mostró lesiones estructurales (displasia cortical y xantoastrocitoma pleomórfico), por lo que finalmente el diagnóstico fue de epilepsia focal sintomática occipital, con el consiguiente cambio en el pronóstico y el tratamiento. Conclusiones. En la bibliografía se describen anomalías en la resonancia magnética craneal en un 10-20% de los casos diagnosticados de SP en los que se realiza una prueba de imagen, aunque no siempre se modifica el diagnóstico de SP (lesiones coincidentes). Ambos casos ejemplifican la importancia de alcanzar un diagnóstico correcto mediante un estudio detallado que ha de incluir la realización de neuroimagen, ya que, en algunos pacientes, se detectarán lesiones cerebrales causales, por lo que el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la evolución serán drásticamente distintos.


Assuntos
Epilepsias Parciais/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neuroimagem , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Eletroencefalografia , Epilepsias Parciais/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos
2.
Rev Neurol ; 65(6): 263-267, 2017 Sep 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28896000

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: According to the 1981 International League Against Epilepsy classification, absence seizures are the paradigm of idiopathic generalised seizures of childhood. Although absences are mainly of an idiopathic origin, there are also symptomatic absences, which account for 10% of all cases of absences. It is thought that a structural pathology can favour the appearance of absences in genetically predisposed individuals. CASE REPORTS: We report the cases of two patients with symptomatic absence seizures of childhood onset. The first presented thalamic damage of a perinatal origin and the second had glucose transporter deficiency in the brain. CONCLUSION: A percentage of absence seizures in childhood are of a symptomatic origin. This occurs more frequently in children who present other types of epilepsy, focal or diffuse brain damage, and in early-onset absences.


TITLE: Ausencias sintomaticas, la etiologia menos conocida de las crisis de ausencia.Introduccion. Las crisis de ausencia son el paradigma de las crisis generalizadas idiopaticas de la infancia segun la clasificacion de la Liga Internacional contra la Epilepsia de 1981. A pesar de que las ausencias son mayoritariamente de origen idiopatico, existen ausencias sintomaticas, que suponen un 10% de los casos de ausencia. Se piensa que una patologia estructural puede favorecer la aparicion de ausencias en individuos geneticamente predispuestos. Casos clinicos. Se presentan dos pacientes con crisis de ausencia sintomaticas de inicio en la infancia. El primero muestra un daño talamico de origen perinatal, y el segundo, un deficit del transportador de glucosa cerebral. Conclusion. Existe un porcentaje de las crisis de ausencia en la infancia que presenta un origen sintomatico. Este hecho ocurre con mayor frecuencia en niños que presentan otros tipos de epilepsia, daños cerebrales focales o difusos, y en las ausencias que comienzan de forma precoz.


Assuntos
Epilepsia Tipo Ausência/etiologia , Convulsões/complicações , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino
3.
Rev Neurol ; 64(9): 393-400, 2017 May 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28444681

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a contiguous gene syndrome that gives rise to multiple congenital anomalies, caused by the loss of a distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p16.3). It is characterised by its own peculiar facial phenotype, associated to growth problems, psychomotor retardation and epilepsy. AIMS: To establish a register of patients with WHS in Spain, describe their characteristics, determine the prevalence of epilepsy, estimate the degree of psychomotor retardation and perform a review of the literature in order to compare these data with those published to date. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In collaboration with the Spanish Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome Association, we contacted the families affected and collected data via forms endorsed by medical reports. RESULTS: The characteristics of 51 patients are described. Psychomotor retardation was considered the most severe in 37% of cases. Of the total sample, 88% presented epilepsy, and nearly all of them showed growth problems. The mean size of the deletion was 8.4 Mb, and the phenotype is displayed in photographs. Other clinical features reported were sensory alterations and nephrourological and cardiological pathologies. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports on the second largest cohort of patients with WHS with a genetic characterisation published to date. Many of the characteristics coincide with those described previously, with several exceptions, such as the degree of psychomotor retardation, which appears to be lower in the sample studied here.


TITLE: Sindrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn. Descripcion de una cohorte española de 51 casos y revision de la bibliografia.Introduccion. El sindrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn (SWH) es un sindrome de genes contiguos que provoca multiples anomalias congenitas, causado por la perdida de una porcion distal del brazo corto del cromosoma 4 (4p16.3). Se caracteriza por un fenotipo facial peculiar propio, asociado a problemas de crecimiento, retraso psicomotor y epilepsia. Objetivos. Realizar un registro de pacientes con SWH en España, describir sus caracteristicas, conocer la prevalencia de epilepsia, estimar el grado de retraso psicomotor y realizar una revision de la bibliografia para comparar estos datos con lo publicado hasta la fecha. Pacientes y metodos. En colaboracion con la Asociacion Española de Sindrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn se contacto con las familias afectadas y se realizo una recogida de datos mediante formularios corroborados por informes medicos. Resultados. Se describen las caracteristicas de 51 pacientes. El retraso psicomotor fue considerado grave en el 37% de los casos. El 88% presentaba epilepsia, y la practica totalidad, problemas de crecimiento. El tamaño medio de la delecion fue de 8,4 Mb y el fenotipo se expone en fotografias. Otra clinica descrita fueron alteraciones sensoriales y patologia nefrourologica y cardiologica. Conclusiones. Se describe la segunda cohorte en tamaño de pacientes con SWH publicada hasta la fecha con caracterizacion genetica. Muchas de las caracteristicas coinciden con lo ya descrito, salvo algunas, como el grado de retraso psicomotor, que parece ser menor en la muestra estudiada.


Assuntos
Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas/epidemiologia , Anormalidades Múltiplas/genética , Adolescente , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Epilepsia/epidemiologia , Epilepsia/genética , Feminino , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/epidemiologia , Retardo do Crescimento Fetal/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Deficiência Intelectual/epidemiologia , Deficiência Intelectual/genética , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex , Fenótipo , Sistema de Registros , Espanha/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn/genética
5.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 76(3): 156-160, mar. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-97634

RESUMO

La incontinencia pigmenti (IP) es un trastorno neurocutáneo raro, con una frecuencia de 1 en 50.000 recién nacidos, de etiología genética asociada a mutaciones en el gen IKBKG (NEMO) en Xq28, con herencia dominante ligada al X. Tiene una presentación clínica de manifestaciones muy variables detectadas desde la etapa neonatal, con 3 estadios bien definidos en forma secuencial, solapada o salteada, y cada una de estos con un diagnóstico diferencial distinto. Mediante la técnica molecular de PCR+RFLP se analizó el gen IKBKG en cuatro pacientes diferentes con manifestaciones sospechosas de IP además de la biopsia de piel confirmatoria; en todas se detectó la deleción de los exones 4 al 10. Destacamos que ante la sospecha clínica de IP es importante el estudio familiar y el multidisciplinario (complicaciones neurológicas, oculares...), y el necesario asesoramiento genético(AU)


Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder with a frequency of 1 in 50,000 newborn, and is associated with mutations in IKBKG gene (NEMO) in Xq28, inherited as an X-linked dominant trait. Clinical manifestations detected since the newborn period are highly variable, with 3 well established sequential or overlapped states and each with a characteristic differential diagnosis. With PCR+RFLPs, we analyzed the IKBKG gene in 4 patients with different clinical manifestations and characteristic skin biopsy. In all 4 patients the same deletion of exons 4 to 10 was identified. In female patients in whom the dermatological lesions lead to the suspicion of an IP diagnosis, it is important to have the complete, multidisciplinary and molecular analysis of their first level female relatives. This should give us a clear diagnosis, which is the first step to complete genetic counselling(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Incontinência Pigmentar/diagnóstico , Síndromes Neurocutâneas/diagnóstico , Expressão Gênica/genética , Diagnóstico Diferencial
6.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 76(3): 156-60, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22036144

RESUMO

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder with a frequency of 1 in 50,000 newborn, and is associated with mutations in IKBKG gene (NEMO) in Xq28, inherited as an X-linked dominant trait. Clinical manifestations detected since the newborn period are highly variable, with 3 well established sequential or overlapped states and each with a characteristic differential diagnosis. With PCR+RFLPs, we analyzed the IKBKG gene in 4 patients with different clinical manifestations and characteristic skin biopsy. In all 4 patients the same deletion of exons 4 to 10 was identified. In female patients in whom the dermatological lesions lead to the suspicion of an IP diagnosis, it is important to have the complete, multidisciplinary and molecular analysis of their first level female relatives. This should give us a clear diagnosis, which is the first step to complete genetic counselling.


Assuntos
Incontinência Pigmentar/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Incontinência Pigmentar/genética , Lactente , Linhagem , Fenótipo
12.
Bol. pediatr ; 46(196): 128-134, 2006. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048745

RESUMO

Introducción: El consumo de sal está relacionado con la etiología de determinadas formas de hipertensión arterial (HTA). La divulgación científica ha trasmitido a la población general la inconveniencia del consumo elevado de sodio. La estimación del consumo de sodio puede hacerse mediante pruebas funcionales, como la EFNa, la recogida de información a través de encuestas y raramente mediante cuantificación directa del contenido sódico de los alimentos. Objetivo: La valoración del impacto de la información sobre consumo de sal declarado y su relación con aspectos objetivos del metabolismo sódico, en familias controles y familias con algún progenitor afecto de HTA esencial. Metodología: Se estudian 124 familias, de ellas 73 actúan como controles y 51 tienen, al menos, uno de los padres afectados de hipertensión arterial esencial (grupo hijos HTA). Se recogen encuestas sobre hábitos alimenticios familiares, y se realizan determinaciones de función renal estimada, excreción fraccionada de sodio (EFNa) y tensión arterial (TA) en los descendientes. Resultados: Globalmente, un 80% de las madres de familia declaran cocinar con 'poca sal' (84% en el grupo control, frente al 74% de hijos HTA, sin que las diferencias alcancen significación estadística). Los valores de EFNa de los descendientes del grupo control son de 0,65±0,03 y de 0,71±0,05 en hijos de HTA (N.S.). Tampoco se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre TAS y TAD con la EFNa, globalmente, ni en el grupo control aisladamente. La EFNa y la TAS del grupo de hijos HTA presentaron una correlación próxima a la significación estadística (P=0,06). La satisfacción gustativa, en una escala analógica de 0 a 10 puntos, para siete alimentos 'salados' (aceitunas, patatas 'chips', etc.) resultó de 5,59±0,16, sin correlación significativa con los valores de EFNa, TAS ni TAD. Un ANOVA reveló la ausencia de influencia de la adición de sal (poca, normal o mucha sal) al cocinar, declarada, sobre la EFNa. Conclusión: Las recomendaciones publicadas y asumidas por la población general sobre el efecto deletéreo de la sal, parecen sesgar la opinión sobre el consumo, detectándose una tendencia a la declaración de consumos pequeños, sin que puedan evidenciarse correlaciones positivas con variables objetivas de relevancia, incluyendo TA y EFNa. Igualmente negativa resultó su su asociación con el gusto por alimentos salados


Salt intake is closed related to the etiology of several types of hypertension. Scientific popularisation has been able to spread to the general population the inconvenience of high sodium intake. Sodium intake estimation can be achieved by means of functional tests, like NaFE, information obtained from questionnaires and rarely by direct quantification of food sodium content. Objective: To evaluate the impact of information on declared salt intake and its relationship with objective aspects about sodium metabolism, in control families and families with at least one parent affected with essential hypertension. Patients and methods: 124 families were included in the study, 73 as control group (C) and 51 with at least one of the parents with essential hypertension (EHT). Questionnaires about familiar eating habits were collected. Estimated renal function, sodium fractional excretion (NaFE) and blood pressure (BP) values were obtained from the descendants. Results. Overall, 80% of the mothers stated to cook with 'little salt' (84% in the C group vs. 74% in the EHT, without significant difference). NaFE values in the control group descendants were 0.65 ±0.03 and 0.71±0.05 in the EHT (NS). Moreover, no significant correlations were found between systolic nor diastolic blood pressure with NaFE, neither globally, nor in the study groups. NaFE and systolic BP in EHT presented correlation values close to the statistical signification (P=0.06). The mean value of the positive taste appreciation for seven 'salty' products (olives, chip potatoes, etc…) was 5.59±0.16, with no significant correlation against NaFE, systolic and diastolic BP. The influence of declared salt addition while cooking (little, normal or much salt), on NaFE was not significant. Conclusion: Published and assumed recommendations followed by the general population about deleterious effect of salt, seem to slant the opinion about intake. Abias towards the declaration of little intakes was detected. We could not found any positive correlation between objective variables, including BP, NaFE and declared (subjective) familial salt consumption


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adulto , Adolescente , Humanos , Hipertensão/etiologia , Hipertensão/dietoterapia , Sódio na Dieta/metabolismo , Comportamento Alimentar , Inquéritos e Questionários , Sódio na Dieta/efeitos adversos
13.
Hipertensión (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 22(8): 311-317, nov. 2005. tab, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-041467

RESUMO

Introducción. Trabajos experimentales sobre animales y humanos sugieren que el desarrollo de los mecanismos integradores centrales o periféricos sensitivos de la ingesta salina están influidos por la historia hidromineral temprana. Este trabajo estudia en jóvenes sanos el perfil gustativo salino y la presión arterial y su relación con la predisposición o condicionamiento genético por ascendentes hipertensos. Material y método. Cincuenta y un niños y jóvenes sanos con al menos un progenitor afecto de hipertensión esencial y 73 sanos sin dicho antecedente. Se determinaron parámetros somatométricos y presión arterial y se valoraron las capacidades gustativo-sensoriales salinas: sensibilidad (umbral de detección), consistencia (discriminación), preferencia (elección) y tolerancia (rechazo). Resultados. La presión arterial en ambos grupos fue similar. El umbral de sensibilidad gustativa salino fue menor (p = 0,028) en hijos de hipertensos, mientras la consistencia, preferencia y tolerancia no mostraron diferencias en ninguno de los grupos. El umbral de sensibilidad salino y la presión arterial sistólica se correlacionaron significativamente en controles (p = 0,015), pero no en hijos de hipertensos, salvo que se introdujeran edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal como variables de control (coeficiente ß = 0,94; p = 0,012). El sentido de la correlación presentó valores contrarios en ambos grupos. Conclusiones. Ambos grupos de estudio presentaron asociación significativa entre el umbral de sensibilidad gustativa salina y presión arterial sistólica. El umbral de sensibilidad gustativo salino y la consistencia en individuos control presentó correlación positiva (individuos con mayor sensibilidad gustativa salina mostraron mayor capacidad de discriminación). La aplicación de ambas pruebas constituye una herramienta coherente y eficaz para determinar el perfil gustativo y reveló la existencia de cambios tempranos en los hijos de hipertensos


Introduction. Experimental studies on animals and humans suggest that the development of central or peripheral sensitive integrating mechanisms of salt intake are influenced by early hydromineral history. This work studies salt gustatory profile and blood pressure in healthy young subjects and their relationship with genetic predisposition or conditioning by hypertensive ascendants. Material and methods. Fifty one children and healthy young subjects, with at least one parent affected by essential hypertension, and 73 healthy ones without said background. Somatometric parameters and blood pressure were determined and salt gustatory-sensorial capacities were assessed: sensitivity (detection threshold), consistence (discrimination), preference (choice) and tolerance (rejection). Results. Blood pressure in both groups was similar. Salt gustatory sensitivity threshold was lower (p = 0.028) in children of hypertensive subjects while cosistence, preference and tolerance showed no differences in any other the groups. Salt sensitivity threshold and systolic blood pressure were significantly correlated in controls (p = 0.015), but not in children of hypertensive subjects, except when age, gender and body mass index were introduced as control variables (coefficient ß = 0.94; p = 0.012). The sense of the correlation had contrary values in both groups. Conclusions. Both study groups had significant association between the salt gustatory sensitivity threshold and systolic blood pressure. Salt gustatory sensitivity threshold and consistence in control individuals had a positive correlation (individuals with greater salt gustatory sensitivity showed greater discrimination capacity). Application of both tests constitutes a coherent and effective tool to determine gustatory profile and revealed the existence of early changes in children of hypertensive subjects


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Humanos , Limiar Gustativo , Cloreto de Sódio/farmacocinética , Distúrbios do Paladar/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Pressão Sanguínea , Determinação da Pressão Arterial , Comportamento Alimentar
14.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 63(3): 238-43, 2005 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16219277

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of obesity in industrialized countries is increasing and is closely related to essential hypertension (EHT) in adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of obesity and its association with other known cardiovascular risk factors in a sample of children and young adults with at least one parent with EHT. METHODS: The EHT group consisted 51 children and young adults (28 males [aged 5.4-25.6 years]) with at least one parent with EHT. The control group comprised 73 healthy normotensive children and young adults (43 males [aged 7.2-25.2 years]) who completed the follow-up visits of the RICARDIN study. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with a standardized technique using a mercury sphygmomanometer. A 12-hour fasting blood sample was taken for lipid profile and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) determinations. Financial support: FIS 03/0350, ESV Foundation Grant, 2003. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity was five times higher in the EHT group than in controls (19.6% vs. 4.1%, p = 0.007). In this group, obese subjects showed higher systolic BP (122.0 vs. 110.4 mmHg p = 0.004) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (47.6 vs. 58.0 mg/dl, p < 0.05). After adjustment for age and systolic BP, obese subjects in the EHT group showed significantly higher CRP values than non-obese subjects in this group (p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of obesity is higher in the offspring of parents with EHT than in non HT-prone subjects. Clustering of other additional risk factors indicates the need for high-risk preventive interventions in this group of children and young adults.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Família , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Crianças Adultas , Criança , Análise por Conglomerados , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
15.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 63(3): 238-243, sept. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-041300

RESUMO

Introducción. La prevalencia de obesidad está aumentando alarmantemente en países industrializados y se relaciona con el desarrollo de hipertensión arterial esencial (HTE) en adolescentes. Objetivo. Analizar la prevalencia de obesidad y su relación con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular, en una muestra de niños y jóvenes en los que al menos uno de sus padres padecía HTE. Métodos. Grupo HTE: 51 niños y jóvenes, 28 varones (5,4-25,6 años) en los que al menos uno de sus padres padecía HTE. Grupo control: 73 niños y jóvenes sanos y normotensos, 43 varones (7,2-25,2 años) que completaron el seguimiento longitudinal del estudio RICARDIN. La presión arterial (PA) se midió mediante una técnica estandarizada con un esfigmomanómetro de mercurio. Determinación tras ayuno de 12 h de perfil lipídico y proteína C reactiva (PCR) ultrasensible. Resultados. La prevalencia de obesidad fue 5 veces mayor en hijos de HTE que en controles (19,6 % frente a 4,1 %, p 5 0,007). Los hijos obesos de padres HTE presentaron cifras mayores de PA sistólica (122,0 mmHg frente a 110,4 mmHg; p 5 0,004), y menores de colesterol HDL (47,6 mg/dl frente a 58,0 mg/dl; p < 0,05) que los no obesos. Ajustado por edad y PA sistólica, los descendientes obesos de padres HTE presentaron valores de PCR más altos que los no obesos (p 5 0,024). Conclusiones. En hijos de padres HTE se observa una alta prevalencia de obesidad. La coexistencia de éste con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular hace patente la necesidad de aplicar medidas preventivas intensivas en este tipo de pacientes


Introduction. The prevalence of obesity in industrialized countries is increasing and is closely related to essential hypertension (EHT) in adolescents. Objective. To analyze the prevalence of obesity and its association with other known cardiovascular risk factors in a sample of children and young adults with at least one parent with EHT. Methods. The EHT group consisted 51 children and young adults (28 males [aged 5.4-25.6 years]) with at least one parent with EHT. The control group comprised 73 healthy normotensive children and young adults (43 males [aged 7.2-25.2 years]) who completed the follow-up visits of the RICARDIN study. Blood pressure (BP) was measured with a standardized technique using a mercury sphygmomanometer. A 12-hour fasting blood sample was taken for lipid profile and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) determinations. Financial support: FIS 03/0350, ESV Foundation Grant, 2003. Results. The prevalence of obesity was five times higher in the EHT group than in controls (19.6 % vs. 4.1 %, p 5 0.007). In this group, obese subjects showed higher systolic BP (122.0 vs. 110.4 mmHg p 5 0.004) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (47.6 vs. 58.0 mg/dl, p < 0.05). After adjustment for age and systolic BP, obese subjects in the EHT group showed significantly higher CRP values than non-obese subjects in this group (p 5 0.024). Conclusions. The prevalence of obesity is higher in the offspring of parents with EHT than in non HT-prone subjects. Clustering of other additional risk factors indicates the need for high-risk preventive interventions in this group of children and young adults


Assuntos
Criança , Adulto , Adolescente , Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Família , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
16.
Rev Neurol ; 40(6): 321-6, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15795866

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Congenital metabolic diseases are considered as rare diseases because of their low incidence and their clinical symptoms at onset. Sometimes they can just begin in the neonatal period. Their progressive knowledge and the availability of specific and sensitive biochemical procedures allow us to diagnose many congenital metabolic diseases, which were not recognized some years ago. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the 52 patients with congenital metabolic diseases diagnosed for the last 25 years in our centre, evaluating the clinical presentation, neurological symptoms, complementary exams and clinical evolution. RESULTS: The mean age at onset of symptoms was 5 days and the mean age at diagnosis was 88 days of age. We considered a first group of 36 patients with inborn errors of intermediary metabolism, in whom hypotonia, weight loss and seizures are the main symptoms. The second group was composed of 8 patients with defective energy metabolism, who showed abnormal respiratory rhythm and hypotonia. Finally, we considered 8 patients with diseases of the complex molecules, who presented with hypotonia and cataracts as common symptoms at onset. The more common neurological symptoms in this period were hypotonia (60%), sensorial deficit (35%) and refractory seizures (23%). The complementary laboratory tests in the first phases of the diseases allowed us to suspect a congenital metabolic disease especially among intermediary and energy defects. EEG registration and CSF samples were important to diagnose some inborn errors of intermediary metabolism. In the first steps, the neuroimaging was less orientative, even if it allow the exclusion of other diseases. More than half of the patients with inborn errors of metabolism with onset in the neonatal period died within the first year of life. CONCLUSION: It is really important to suspect these diseases in the neonatal period so as to achieve an early diagnosis and therapy which may reduce the morbimortality.


Assuntos
Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/complicações , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos
17.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 40(6): 321-326, 16 mar., 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038777

RESUMO

Introducción. Los errores congénitos del metabolismo (ECM) se consideran dentro del grupo de las enfermedades raras por su baja incidencia y su forma de presentación. Pueden manifestarse ya en el período neonatal. Los progresos en su conocimiento y el disponer de métodos bioquímicos más precisos permiten diagnosticar muchos ECM que hace un tiempo pasaban desapercibidos. Pacientes y métodos. Hemos revisado los 52 pacientes con ECM de debut neonatal diagnosticados en los últimos 25 años en nuestro centro y hemos valorado su forma de presentación, sus manifestaciones neurológicas, los exámenes complementarios y su evolución. Resultados. La edad media de inicio de los síntomas fue de 5 días, y la de confirmación del diagnóstico, de 88 días. Destacamos un primer grupo formado por 36 pacientes con defectos del metabolismo intermediario, en los que predominaba la hipotonía, el estancamiento ponderal y las convulsiones; un segundo grupo formado por ocho pacientes con defectos del metabolismo energético, que manifestaban trastornos del ritmo respiratorio e hipotonía, y, finalmente, 8 pacientes dentro del subgrupo de los trastornos de las moléculas complejas, en los que destacaban la hipotonía y las cataratas como síntomas más frecuentes de debut. Los síntomas neurológicos más comunes en este período fueron la hipotonía (60%), la afectación del sensorio (35%) y las convulsiones rebeldes (23%). Los exámenes complementarios de laboratorio en las primeras fases de la enfermedad orientaron hacia un ECM especialmente en los trastornos del metabolismo intermediario y energético. Por su parte, el registro electroencefalográfico y el estudio del LCR fueron importantes para el diagnóstico en muchos trastornos del metabolismo intermediario. La neuroimagen inicial fue menos orientativa, pero permitió descartar otras patologías. Más de la mitad de los pacientes con ECM de debut neonatal habían fallecido ante de los 12 meses de vida. Conclusión. Es importante sospechar estas enfermedades en el período neonatal para mejorar la precocidad diagnóstica y terapéutica y reducir la morbimortalidad


Introduction. Congenital metabolic diseases are considered as rare diseases because of their low incidence and their clinical symptoms at onset. Sometimes they can just begin in the neonatal period. Their progressive knowledge and the availabilityof specific and sensitive biochemical procedures allow us to diagnose many congenital metabolic diseases, which were not recognized some years ago. Patients and methods. We reviewed the 52 patients with congenital metabolic diseases diagnosed for the last 25 years in our centre, evaluating the clinical presentation, neurological symptoms, complementary exams and clinical evolution. Results. The mean age at onset of symptoms was 5 days and the mean age at diagnosis was 88 days of age. We considered a first group of 36 patients with inborn errors of intermediary metabolism, in whom hypotonia, weight loss and seizures are the main symptoms. The second group was composed of 8 patients with defective energy metabolism, who showed abnormal respiratory rhythm and hypotonia. Finally, we considered 8 patients with diseases of the complex molecules, who presented with hypotonia and cataracts as common symptoms at onset. The more common neurological symptoms in this period were hypotonia (60%), sensorial deficit (35%) and refractory seizures (23%). The complementary laboratory tests in the first phases of the diseases allowed us to suspect a congenital metabolic disease especially among intermediary and energy defects. EEG registration and CSF samples were important to diagnose some inborn errors of intermediary metabolism. In the first steps, the neuroimaging was less orientative, even if it allow the exclusion of other diseases. More than half of the patients with inborn errors of metabolism with onset in the neonatal period died within the first year of life. Conclusion. It is really important to suspect these diseases in the neo-natal period so as to achieve an early diagnosis and therapy which may reduce the morbimortality


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/complicações , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/etiologia , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos
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